Glycogen Storage Disease Essay -- Disease, Disorders

IntroductionGlycogen storage malady is the result of a defect in the synthesis or breakdown of glycogen that is found in muscles, the liver and many other cell types. This ailment may be genetic or acquired and is usually caused by a defect in certain enzymes that are important in the metabolism of glycogen. To date, there are 11 different classifications for glycogen storage disease but this paper will focus on glycogen storage disease type 1 (GSD I), also known as von Gierkes disease, later the German doctor who discovered it. GSD I is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder with the incidence being 1 in 100,000. Parents may be heterozygote carriers, fashioning them asymptomatic, however they have a 25% chance of having a child that is affected by GSD I. Prenatal diagnosis can be made by completing a liver biopsy at 18-22 weeks but no fetal treatments are currently available and standard newborn screening tests are non able to detect GSD I.Background and epidemiologyGSD I is a genetic disease resulting from the deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) and glucose-6-phosphate translocase (Andria et al). These particular enzymes are important in enabling the liver to pee-pee glucose from glycogen and/or generate new glucose via gluconeogenesis. The inability of the liver to produce glucose from these metabolic pathways can result in severe hypoglycemia since the liver is prudent for maintaining blood glucose for the body in periods of fasting. The reduction of glycogen breakdown can also cause the kidneys and liver to become enlarged because excess glycogen is typically stored within these two organs. The liver and kidneys can typically function normally during childhood, however because of the increas... ...apter 362. Glycogen Storage Diseases and Other Inherited Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism. In D.L. Longo, A.S. Fauci, D.L. Kasper, S.L. Hauser, J.L. Jameson, J. Loscalzo (Eds), Harrisons Principles of sexual Medicine, 18e. Retr ieved January 21, 2012 from http//www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=9144477.Medscape, Glycogen Storage Diseases Types I-VII. Retrieved at http//emedicine.medscape.com/article/1116574-overview.Moses, S.W. Historical higlights and unsolved problems in glycogen storage disease type 1. European Journal of pediatrics 2002, 161 S2-S9.Nazir, Z. and Qazi, S.H. Urolithiasis and psoas abscess in a 2 year old boy with type 1 glycogen storage disease. Pedriatric Nephrology 2006, 21 1772-1775.Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Glycogen storage disease type I. Retrieved at http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogen_storage_disease_type_I.

Essay --

Child SoldiersChild soldiers consider to be psychologically deconstructed afterwards theyre programmed by warlords. They spent most of their childhood fighting in a war or running away from it. The world needs to scoop out helping children slightly the world that go through war and fighting in it. Psychology abuse effects on former child soldiers were to a greater extent likely to present severe mental health problems such as symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and feeling. As children continue to be exploited by build up groups all everywhere the world, special mental health interventions for child soldiers atomic number 18 ever more necessary. Children who were abducted at younger ages were more likely to report symptoms of depression over while than those who were older. The emotional consequences for the majority of the children are sad moods, preoccupations, suicidal thoughts and fears. Most of them experienced loss in relation to the death of members of th eir family and accessible placement as a result of their actions. Most of the child soldiers were separated from their parents for a long period and many have lost the sense of family belongingness. Their family ties are wrecked. These children are separated from their cultural, social and moral identity, and it makes them vulnerable to psychological and social ill effects. Those with PTSD have intrusive memories of the war, flashbacks, emotional arousal, emotional numbing and various different anxiety link symptoms. Many avoid places and conversations related to their past experiences. Some children are reluctant to go back to their native villages may be imputable to shame or guilt. In order to make children pliable, it is essential that recruitment be as traumatic as possible so that they will be psychologically w... ...ainwashing as well as fierce treatment to motivate them to fight and endure the deprivations of the campaigns. Children are sometimes abducted from their fa milies and communities by warlords and military groups in need of fresh troops. Others occasion voluntarily they join because of hunger and extreme poverty or family dissolution. Children who find themselves orphans as a result of war may settle to join a paramilitary group in order to get food, clothing and relative security measure. However, whichever way they became part of armed forces, children are all ab initio submitted to cruel and brutal treatment, beatings and humiliation of different sorts to make them dependent upon the armed group and deter escape attempts. When military leaders are the sole protection against widespread violence, children separate with them and become dependent on them for their every need. Essay -- Child SoldiersChild soldiers need to be psychologically deconstructed after theyre programmed by warlords. They spent most of their childhood fighting in a war or running away from it. The world needs to start helping children around the world that go through war and fighting in it. Psychology abuse effects on former child soldiers were more likely to present severe mental health problems such as symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. As children continue to be exploited by armed groups all over the world, special mental health interventions for child soldiers are ever more necessary. Children who were abducted at younger ages were more likely to report symptoms of depression over time than those who were older. The emotional consequences for the majority of the children are sad moods, preoccupations, suicidal thoughts and fears. Most of them experienced loss in relation to the death of members of their family and social status as a result of their actions. Most of the child soldiers were separated from their parents for a long period and many have lost the sense of family belongingness. Their family ties are wrecked. These children are separated from their cultural, social and moral ident ity, and it makes them vulnerable to psychological and social ill effects. Those with PTSD have intrusive memories of the war, flashbacks, emotional arousal, emotional numbing and various other anxiety related symptoms. Many avoid places and conversations related to their past experiences. Some children are reluctant to go back to their native villages may be due to shame or guilt. In order to make children pliable, it is essential that recruitment be as traumatic as possible so that they will be psychologically w... ...ainwashing as well as brutal treatment to motivate them to fight and endure the deprivations of the campaigns. Children are sometimes abducted from their families and communities by warlords and military groups in need of fresh troops. Others join voluntarily they join because of hunger and extreme poverty or family dissolution. Children who find themselves orphans as a result of war may decide to join a paramilitary group in order to get food, clothing and relative protection. However, whichever way they became part of armed forces, children are all initially submitted to cruel and brutal treatment, beatings and humiliation of different sorts to make them dependent upon the armed group and deter escape attempts. When military leaders are the sole protection against widespread violence, children identify with them and become dependent on them for their every need.

The Causes of World War One (1) :: essays research papers

The Causes of World War One (1)If you were to look back at WWI, you would see that there were direct and indirect causes to the war. The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand was an immediate cause. Gavrilo Princip, working with a Serbian anti-Austrian secret society called The Black Hand shot Archduke Ferdinand on June 28, 1914 in order to make way for a Slavic revolution. The assassination didnt do as Princip hoped, and it was used as an excuse for Austria to take hostile action against Serbia. That was not the only cause of the war. The Alliance System was one of the maturement causes of the war. subsequently Germany took Alsace-Lorraine, Bismarck wanted to make sure that France didnt make enough allies to take back the territory in a war. So he started to form an alliance with Austria-Hungry and Italy. France saw this as a threat, so it started making alliances of its confess. France first turned to Russia then to Britain creating the Triple Entente. Now with forces in distingu ish on either side, nerves were frayed. What better question to ask next than why. Why were nerves frayed? The nations involved had large militaries. These nations were building large armies and enhancing the glories of war. After rationalizing a huge arms race, people were eager to put up large amounts of money to support their governments vast military. Great Britain has endlessly had a large navy. Germany decided it wanted a navy to rival Britains. When the people of Britain saw the buildup of Germanys navy, they got scared and started producing more and bigger ships for its own navy. Every time Britain got a leg up on Germany, Germany struggled to outdo Britain, and vice-versa. Soon, the public was clamoring for war. Militarism is based on imperialism and the fear that another nation is getting ahead imperially. Imperialism is extending control of a nation over foreign lands. Countries expanded in the 1600s to help their economies. They did this mostly through mercantilism. A fter industrialization in the 1800s, imperialism changed. Two new and eager powers were on the scene. Italy and Germany were new nations and ready to catch up to Britain and others in the colony race. Imperialism could be related to nationalism.There are dickens kinds of nationalism. There were the early forms of nationalism, where people of a similar race and nationality wanted a nation to themselves.

The Ghost of Devils Den :: Ghost Stories Urban Legends Civil War

The Ghost of Devils DenThis ghost story was told by a nineteen-year-old Caucasian student at the University of Maryland. She is from the Baltimore vacuum tube Area and lives with her mother and younger sister. I decided to approach her since she is a notorious lover of ghost stories and folklore. While we were hanging out with friends, I asked her to spot me a ghost story. As soon as I asked, her eyes lit up and she took me to the side, out of earshot of our friends. With great energy and enthusiastic facial nerve expressions, she proceeded to tell me the following story about the Civil War site of the bout of GettysburgMy friend Carl was attending a reenactment of the Battle of Gettysburg. He went to a highly strung corner of the battlefield filled with boulders, called Devils Den, to conduct a picture of the battlefield. He took out his camera and as he was about to take the picture, he heard a voice say, W chapeau youre looking for is over there. Carl looked up and s aw a man who resembled a hippie, wearing a lax hat, no shoes and had long hair, pointing somewhere in the distance. Carl looked to see where the man was pointing, and when he looked back the man was nowhere in sight.The Storyteller claimed she once watched a documentary on television about the ghosts of Gettysburg, and it told a strikingly similar story of a ghost in a floppy disk hat verbalism the same words to m each tourists who were taking pictures at Devils Den. Similar stories have been told involving a man in a floppy hat at Devils Den. One tells the story of a woman visiting the site of the Battle of Gettysburg. After experiencing no paranormal activity, she sarcastically challenged any ghosts of Devils Den to come home with her. A few days later she saw a man wearing a floppy hat and loose shirt in her house. She saw this vision many times, but it would always disappear very quickly. She believed this was a ghost from Devils Den accepting her challenge (U.S. Civil War History and Genealogy).Another version of the story involves a man who was also visiting the site of the Battle of Gettysburg. He took many photographs throughout the day. In the afternoon, a soldier dressed in a floppy hat, gray clothing and possessing an odor of sulfurous pulverization approached him (U.

Scarlet Letter :: essays research papers

The Scaffold Where Truth PreachesIn the novel The Scarlet Letter, there are three occasions when the sustain is used as a location of truth telling. The Scaffold is set apart in the middle of town, and upon it criminals are convicted. When the reader is first shown the scaffold in the novel, Hester is holding Pearl and she is being convicted of adultery, the second is when Dimmesdale goes upon the scaffold in the night and is joined by Hester and Pearl, and the third time is at the end when Dimmesdale, Hester, and Pearl each(prenominal) go up on the scaffold and Dimmesdale tells the towns people of his crime. Each time the scaffold comes into play, a little more of the truth is revealed to the reader and the people of the town. In the beginning of the book Hester Prynne is being convicted of adultery and is standing upon the scaffold with little Pearl in her arms. Chillingworth and Hester connect but Chillingworths identity is concealed and Dimmesdale is non known to be Hesters lover. Hester is labeled with the scarlet letter for adultery and is basically shunned from society. In the first view of this scaffold, on Hester, is publicly marked with her sin while the other two are hidden.As the book progresses Dimmesdale is being tortured by Chillingworth and is driven pretty much to insanity. At this point the attend is so overwhelmed with grief that he feels he deserves to die, and wants to die, but he keeps existing like he is driven by pure guilt. He finds it appropriate to go to the scaffold in the night and in a way confess his sins. While upon the scaffold Hester and Pearl see him and consequently join him. The three remember on the times and Pearl asks Dimmesdale if he will join them in town the next day with the promise that if he does, that she will tell him Chillingworths identity. When Dimmesdale refuses to join them, Pearl gets angry and doesnt tell Chillingworths secret. Upon this second visit to the scaffold the reader is more clearly able to see Dimmesdales identity as Hesters lover and the three of them along with their sins are exposed on the scaffold. At the end of the book Dimmesdale delivers the best sermon of his animateness then soon afterward goes up the scaffold with Hester and Pearl.

Scarlet Letter :: essays research papers

The Scaffold Where Truth PreachesIn the novel The Scarlet Letter, on that point ar three occasions when the scaffold is used as a location of truth telling. The Scaffold is set apart in the middle of town, and upon it criminals are convicted. When the reader is first shown the scaffold in the novel, Hester is holding Pearl and she is being convicted of adultery, the second is when Dimmesdale goes upon the scaffold in the night and is joined by Hester and Pearl, and the third measure is at the end up when Dimmesdale, Hester, and Pearl all go up on the scaffold and Dimmesdale tells the towns people of his sin. Each time the scaffold comes into play, a little more than of the truth is revealed to the reader and the people of the town. In the beginning of the book Hester Prynne is being convicted of adultery and is standing upon the scaffold with little Pearl in her arms. Chillingworth and Hester connect only if Chillingworths identity is concealed and Dimmesdale is not known to be Hesters lover. Hester is labeled with the scarlet letter for adultery and is basically shunned from society. In the first receive of this scaffold, on Hester, is publicly marked with her sin while the other two are hidden.As the book progresses Dimmesdale is being tortured by Chillingworth and is driven fairly much to insanity. At this point the minister is so overwhelmed with grief that he feels he deserves to die, and wants to die, but he keeps existing like he is driven by pure guilt. He finds it appropriate to go to the scaffold in the night and in a way confess his sins. While upon the scaffold Hester and Pearl get together him and consequently join him. The three reminisce on the times and Pearl asks Dimmesdale if he will join them in town the next day with the holler that if he does, that she will tell him Chillingworths identity. When Dimmesdale refuses to join them, Pearl gets angry and doesnt tell Chillingworths secret. Upon this second visit to the scaffold the rea der is more clearly able to see Dimmesdales identity as Hesters lover and the three of them along with their sins are exposed on the scaffold. At the end of the book Dimmesdale delivers the best sermon of his life then soon afterward goes up the scaffold with Hester and Pearl.

Myopia In Asian Countries Health And Social Care Essay

Vision consequences from entryway of visible shaft of light into the oculus and the reading of this stimulation by the encephalon. For a normal oculus, visible radiation is focused to a topographic point on the retina. This message would so be sent to the encephalon to be interpreted as a message. visual sharp-sightedness is defined as the lucidity or acuteness of vision, which is the ability of the oculus to see and separate mulct in stance educations. 1 .The cornea is the near puissant refracting surface of the optical system of the oculus, accounting for ii-thirds of the oculus s focusing supply. Production of a crisp image at the retinal receptors requires corneal transpargonnce and appropriate deflective tycoon. The refractile power of the cornea dep lay offs on its curve ball and the difference in refractile indexes amidst it and air 9 . Refractive mis prefers occur when the incline of the cornea is irregularly shaped ( excessively steep or excessively level ) . When the cornea is of normal form and bend, it b ends, or refracts, visible radiation on the retina with preciseness. However, when the curve of the cornea is irregularly shaped, the cornea bends light amiss on the retina.A 15 When the cornea is curved excessively much, or if the oculus is excessively long, far-off objects willing look blurry because they are focused in forepart of the retina. This is called nearsightedness, or nearsightedness. longsightedness, or presbyopia, is the antonym of nearsightedness. Distant objects are clear, and close-up objects appear blurry. With hypermetropia, images focus on a point beyond the retina. Hyperopia consequences from an oculus that is excessively short. Astigmatism is a status in which the uneven curvature of the cornea fuzzs and distorts both distant and close objects. A normal cornea is round, with even curves from side to side and exceed to bottom. With astigmia, the cornea is curved more in one way than in another. This causes light beams to hold more than one focal point and come down on two separate countries of the retina, falsifying the ocular image. 15 Measurement of corneal curvature/power fecal matter be performed with a assortment of instruments, most normally aA keratometer, A IOLMaster, orA corneal topographyA dodge. Corneal curvature is normally used forA IOLA computations and cornealA refractile surgery. It is in any case helpful for contact lens fitting and observing irregular astigmia. 5 The primary purpose of this trace is to look into the human relationship between corneal curvature and grade of refractile mistake among emmetropic and myopic untried population in Malaysia and to find the prototype value of corneal curvature of gullible population.1.2 Research inquiryQuestion 1Does corneal curvature vary significantly with antithetic province of refractile mistake?Question 2What are the scope of readings of corneal curvature of emmetropic and myopic callow topics?Question 3Is in that location whatsoever different between horizontal and perpendicular curvature of the cornea?1.3 Aims of the survey1.3.1 General aimThe general aim of this survey is to look into the relationship between corneal curvature and refractile position among emmetropic and myopic immature unhurrieds in IIUM Kuantan Campus.1.3.2 Specific aimsTo find whether corneal curvature varies significantly with refractile mistake.To compare the readings of corneal curvature between emmetropic and myopic immature topics.To place the normal scope of corneal curvature for emmetropic and myopic immature topics.To place whether there is any different between horizontal and perpendicular curvature of the cornea.To look into the draw of corneal curvature in refractile province among Malayan population.Hypothesis of the surveyThere is no historic relationship between corneal curvature and refractile position.Chapter 2LITERATURE REVIEW2.1 Prevalence of nearsightedness in Asiatic statesNational Eye Su rvey done in Malaysia 2,3 found the preponderance of ocular damage was 2.7 % . The prevalence was higher in rural countries ( 2.9 % ) as compared to urban countries ( 2.5 % ) . The prevalence of ocular damage in rural population in Selangor has been reported to change from 5.6 % to 18.9 % in which they found that among the patients go toing the Eye Clinic at University Malaya Medical Centre, the most common cause of ocular damage in kids was refractile mistakes, whereas in aged patient ocular damage is due to cataract, glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. 4 Myopia is a common cause for ocular damage among immature population in Asia. Estimates of the proportion of nearsightedness in the immature population in Asia ranged from 30 % to 65 % ( Saw et al. 1996 Chow et al. 1990 ) , and the prevalence was found to be greater among Chinese people ( Wensor et al. 1999 Sperduto et Al. 1983 ) . In Malaysia, the prevalence of nearsightedness found among Malay, Chinese and Indian schoolchild ren was 47 % , 20 % and 19.4 % severally ( Garner et al.1990 Chung et Al. 1995 Saadah et Al. 2002 ) . With the increasing range of nearsightedness, orthokeratology and refractile surgery such as LASIK, has become rather popular in Asia. When set abouting such processs to rectify nearsightedness, corneal curvature is an of import reflexion in order to forestall the cornea from going excessively level after the intervention. 6 2.2 The importance of corneal curvatureCorneal curvature is normally used forA IOLA computations and cornealA refractile surgery. It is besides helpful for contact lens fitting and observing irregular astigmia ( Friedman, 2009 ) . Measurements of cardinal and peripheral corneal curvature are utile for naming and supervising corneal conditions such as keratoconus and for supervising corneal form following optic surgery6-10 or refractile processs such as orthokeratology. 13 Liu Z. , Pflugfelder SC, ( 2000 ) studied on the effects of long-run contact lens w ear on corneal thickness, curvature, and surface regularity. They found that the corneal curvature, maximal keratometry ( Max K ) and minimal keratometry ( bit K ) readings, were significantly steeper in look crap oning contact lenses than normal eyes ( PA & lt 0.01 for Max K and Min K metrical by both instruments ) .In foregrounding the importance of corneal curvature in IOL computations, Schena LB ( 2008 ) cited from Dr. Majmudar, in patients who have non undergone old surgery, the value at the center of attention of the cornea is more or less the same as the value at 3.2 millimetres ( based on keratometer measurings ) . However, patients who have undergone LASIK or PRK can hold altered corneas, and the value at the cardinal cornea, which is the end of measuring, may be really different from that at 3.2 millimetres. Consequently, if testers merely rely on the topography, they may be off, and for every 1 dioptre off in mensurating the corneal curvature, a roughly 1 dioptr e misreckoning will accompany for the patient s refractile result. 11 Besides that, keratometry plays a critical function in the trueness of IOL power computation by observing and mensurating astigmia by decision the steepest and flattest acmes of the corneal surface.A 16 Keratometry plays a critical function in the truth of IOL power computation, observing and mensurating astigmia by finding the steepest and flattest acmes of the corneal surface.A Keratometry plays a critical function in the truth of IOL power computation, observing and mensurating astigmia by finding the steepest and flattest acmes of the corneal surface.A Keratometry plays a critical function in the truth of IOL power computation, observing and mensurating astigmia by finding the steepest and flattest acmes of the corneal surface.A Keratometry plays a critical function in the truth of IOL power computation, observing and mensurating astigmia by finding the steepest and flattest acmes of the corneal surface.A D r. Majmudar explained that keratometers measure the curvature of the anterior surface about 3.2 mm from the pump of the cornea. In patients who have non undergone old surgery, the value at the centre of the cornea is approximately the same as the value at 3.2 millimetres, he said. However, patients who have undergone LASIK or PRK can hold altered corneas, and the value at the cardinal cornea, which is the end of measuring, may be really different from that at 3.2 millimetres. Consequently, if you merely blaspheme on the topography, you may be off, and for every 1 dioptre you are away in mensurating the corneal curvature, a approximately 1 dioptre misreckoning will ensue for the patient s refractile outcome. Dr. Majmudar explained that keratometers measure the curvature of the anterior surface about 3.2 millimeter from the centre of the cornea. In patients who have non undergone old surgery, the value at the centre of the cornea is approximately the same as the value at 3.2 mi llimetres, he said. However, patients who have undergone LASIK or PRK can hold altered corneas, and the value at the cardinal cornea, which is the end of measuring, may be really different from that at 3.2 millimetres. Consequently, if you merely trust on the topography, you may be off, and for every 1 dioptre you are away in mensurating the corneal curvature, a approximately 1 dioptre misreckoning will ensue for the patient s refractile outcome. Dr. Majmudar explained that keratometers measure the curvature of the anterior surface about 3.2 millimeter from the centre of the cornea. In patients who have non undergone old surgery, the value at the centre of the cornea is approximately the same as the value at 3.2 millimetres, he said. However, patients who have undergone LASIK or PRK can hold altered corneas, and the value at the cardinal cornea, which is the end of measuring, may be really different from that at 3.2 millimetres. Consequently, if you merely trust on the topogra phy, you may be off, and for every 1 dioptre you are away in mensurating the corneal curvature, a approximately 1 dioptre misreckoning will ensue for the patient s refractile outcome. Dr. Majmudar explained that keratometers measure the curvature of the anterior surface about 3.2 millimeter from the centre of the cornea. In patients who have non undergone old surgery, the value at the centre of the cornea is approximately the same as the value at 3.2 millimetres, he said. However, patients who have undergone LASIK or PRK can hold altered corneas, and the value at the cardinal cornea, which is the end of measuring, may be really different from that at 3.2 millimetres. Consequently, if you merely trust on the topography, you may be off, and for every 1 dioptre you are away in mensurating the corneal curvature, a approximately 1 dioptre misreckoning will ensue for the patient s refractile outcome. Dr. Majmudar explained that keratometers measure the curvature of the anterior surfa ce about 3.2 millimeter from the centre of the cornea. In patients who have non undergone old surgery, the value at the centre of the cornea is approximately the same as the value at 3.2 millimetres, he said. However, patients who have undergone LASIK or PRK can hold altered corneas, and the value at the cardinal cornea, which is the end of measuring, may be really different from that at 3.2 millimetres. Consequently, if you merely trust on the topography, you may be off, and for every 1 dioptre you are away in mensurating the corneal curvature, a approximately 1 dioptre misreckoning will ensue for the patient s refractile result. Top of FormBariah et Al. ( 2009 ) suggested that every demographic has a different norm and scope of corneal curvature values and its relationship to the grade of nearsightedness among normal population.2.3 Corneal curvature in hyperope, emmetrope and myopeIn research by Bariah et Al. ( 2009 ) , consequences from keratometer measuring indicated that th e mean of corneal curvature for the all myopic immature topics was 7.74 A 0.52 millimeter, with 7.87 A 0.28 millimeter for Chinese topics and 7.60 A 0.66 millimeter for Malays.In survey by Mainstone JC et Al ( 2010 ) , the correlativity between corneal radius of curvature and spherical equivalent refractile mistake was non statistically important ( r2 = 0.038, p =0.2609 ) . A antecedently study by Carney LG et Al. showed that there is a inclination for the cornea to degenerate less quickly in the fringe with increasing nearsightedness. This suggests that there are corneal form alterations that occur in nearsighted eyes, possibly as a consequence of unnatural optic growing, that are non seen in hypermetropic eyes because a different mechanism of refractile mistake development operates in this last mentioned group. However, a research by Bariah et Al ( 2009 ) with average refractile mistake in spherical equivalent was -3.50 A 2.10 DS, they found that there is hapless correlativities between myopic refractile mistake and corneal curvature ( r = 0.246, P & gt 0.05 ) .On the other manus, a recent survey by Iyamu E et Al. ( 2010 ) on a Nigerian population found that there was a important positive correlativity between corneal curvature and spherical equivalent refraction. analysis of variance showed that the difference in average corneal curvature across the refractile position groups was statistically important ( F = 27.9, df = 2, 67, P & lt 0.0001 ) . Post hoc trial with fisher cat s LSD showed that myopes had steeper corneas than the other two groups ( steeper by 0.27 millimeters than that of hyperopes, and 0.28 millimeter than that of emmetropes ) . The additive arrested development theoretical account is represented by CRC = 7.853 + 0.069SER. From the equation it can be predicted that for every 1.00D addition in nearsightedness, the cornea is steepened by about 0.07 millimeters.2.4 Measuring corneal curvature utilizing PentacamAThe Pentacam has become a p opular clinical device for measuring the anterior section of the oculus since its launch in 2004. It contains a Scheimpflug camera that rotates through 360 grades and captures 25 or 50 Scheimpflug bread images within two seconds. Each image shows a cross-section of the cornea and the anterior section. The images contain 500 informations points and up to 25,000 points ( 50 slits A? 500 informations points ) are measured to assorted parametric quantities and to build a 3-dimensional cornea. The Pentacam is capable of mensurating topographic corneal thickness, anterior and stinkpot corneal topography, anterior chamber deepness and angle and corneal aberrances. It besides provides parametric quantities such as corneal volume and keratometric power difference, which offer new and proficient analyses of the cornea, severally. 13 For historical grounds, most Placido topographers and keratometers use the refractile index of 1.3375 for the refractile power of the cornea. This refractile i ndex is really wrong even for the untreated oculus ( n1,332 ) and assumes a changeless ratio between the front tooth and posterior curvature of the cornea. As many IOL power computation expressions use the wrong K-reading straight an empirical rectification is needed in the terminal to set the amend IOL power in these expressions even in normal instances. 12 In a survey by Chen D. et Al, the Pentacam system was shown to be extremely dear in the Sim K measurings, at both the front tooth and posterior corneal surfaces ( Cronbach s alpha trial, I a? 0.990 intraclass correlativity coefficient, ICC a? 0.972 ) .The Orbscan is another normally used corneal topographer. It is based on a intercrossed system integrating both the Placido phonograph record and scanning slit rules. Similar to the Pentacam, the Orbscan is non-invasive, impartial to utilize and quick, nevertheless, old surveies found the Orbscan to hold questionable public presentation in topographic pachymetry and in the ra ting of anterior21 and posterior corneal curvatures. 14 Chapter 3MATERIALS AND METHODSStudy countryLocation of survey is at Clinic of Optometry International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan.3.2 Study designThe survey is an experimental case-control survey. The parametric quantities for the collected informations will be performed on both eyes. Data will be collected from each topic on a individual visit.3.3 Subject of the survey3.3.1 Sampling of the surveySampling of the survey is convenient trying. Subjects who fulfilled the inclusion standards for the survey are invited to take part in the survey.Sample sizeThe sample size will be based on the survey by Bariah et Al ( 2009 ) Corneal Thickness and Curvature of single Sample of Young Myopic Population in Malaysia where the topics consisted of 84 myopic university. Should mention the latest paper with groups comparison eyepiece Dimensions of Young Malays in Malaysia ( Bariah Mohd-Ali, and Muhammad Afzam Shah Abdul-Rahim, and Zainora Mohammed, and Norhani Mohidin, ( 2011 ) Ocular dimensions of immature Malayans in Malaysia. Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 9 ( 1 ) . pp. 35-39. ISSN 1675-8161.On the sample size computation, refer to relevant old paper and enter the respective values ( mean, standard divergence etc. ) in this web sitehypertext transfer protocol //www.stat.ubc.ca/rollin/stats/ssize/n2.htmlSample of the surveySample of the survey comprised of groups of emmetropic and myopic immature topics.Subject s inclusion standardsAge between 20 to 26 old ages old.VA at distance 6/6 or better.VA at near N5 at 33 centimeter or better.Refractive power between +0.50 DS to -0.50 DS and a? 2.00 DarmstadtiumNon-contact lens wearer. Soft contact lens wearer less than 5 old ages are permitted provided lenses were non worn on the 24 hours of provingGood optic wellness tested with slit lamp and fundus scrutiny.Good general wellness taken from self-report.Subject s exclusion standardsRigid contact lens wearer History of corneal abnormalcy, refractile surgery or orthokeratology intervention.3.4 Study tools and processWithin survey sites, clinical scrutinies are by and large performed at one location ( IIUM Optometry clinic ) . Before clinical eyes scrutiny is performed on the participant, they will be asked for a complete personal and household general wellness and oculus wellness history. Later, participants underwent an extended and standardised scrutiny process, which included ocular sharp-sightedness ( VA ) testing, refraction and a elaborate optic slit lamp and fundus scrutinyThe ocular Acuity ( VA ) will be measured utilizing a Snellen chart at 6m. Measurement of refractile position will be conducted utilizing payoffive refraction with cross cylinder. Subjects were categorized into emmetropia, hypermetropia and nearsightedness utilizing the spherical tantamount refraction. Classification was done based on Emmetropia aA 0.50DS and Myopia a? 2.00DS. Following, measuring of corneal cu rvature will be taken utilizing Pentacam ( Oculus, Inc. , Germany ) . fairish corneal curvature ( AVK ) was obtained by the norm of the horizontal and perpendicular corneal curvature. Finally, the external oculus and anterior section ( eyelid, conjunctiva, cornea, flag, and student ) will be examined with slit lamp, and followed by scrutiny of media and fundus utilizing indirect opthmoscopy and fundus camera.3.5 Data analysisThe natural informations are keyed in and organized utilizing statistical package SPSS ( Statistical Package for Social cognizance ) version 17.0. The information will be analyzed utilizing the same package. Statistical analyses being employed areNormality trial on each information set utilizing Histogram.important degree 0.05 for 95 % CIDescriptive analysis ( average, standard divergence, average and frequence ) .One-way analysis of discrepancy ( ANOVA ) will be used to compare the average corneal radius of curvature across the refractile position groupsThe r elationships among parametric quantities will be tested utilizing Pearson s correlativity and additive arrested development analysis.3.6 Ethical considerationEthical blessing will be acquired from the ethical commission of Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia ( IIUM ) . Engagement in this survey is on a voluntary footing and participants will be asked to subscribe the respond signifier if they agree to take part in this survey.A written consent will be acquired prior to informations aggregation ( Appendix B ) . In this consent signifier, campaigners will be informed that they will move as subject in this survey. Participants will be given account on the processs involved in this survey before informations aggregation is performed.The process is considered safe because it is non-invasive. Furthermore, the participants informations is confidential to public. every inquiry from the topic will be answered consequently. Participants may besides retreat from this survey at any clip.

Report on Case Study: Walmart Japan Essay

apparent motion 1 How would you characterize Wal-Marts coming to ball-shaped management? The trademark of Wal-Marts global management approach focuses on 3 main strategies low harm, best value, large selection of thoroughlys & high character service. Being the worlds largest retailer, Wal-Mart will enter the international securities industry by providing a wide variety of products at a humiliate price than its domestic competitors. In addition, one of the common strategies of Wal-Mart is to partner or acquire a topical anaesthetic super foodstuff retailer who has al order had a good knowledge of the market in order to save time & money. Wal-Mart is also famous for its great use of distributor meshing. They pay a lot of attention to choosing a good location when expanding their business, a outline which has been proven successful in its original US market. heading 2 Do you agree with Wal-Marts entry strategy in lacquer? What are some of the inherent risks? Do you think tha t a faster market entry would be more effective? In my opinion, Wal-Marts entry strategy in Japan (slow-and-steady) is quite appropriate with Nipponese retail environment and economic situation. However, there are many challenges necessity to be overcome in this potential market 1. Socio-cultural Differences In Japan, consumers often equate bad quality with low price. Changing consumer perceptions is not easy or cheap. In addition, Japanese customers demand a quick entry and exit from the stores which makes cutting costs by eliminating staffs from the retail process unadvisable. 2. Fierce Competition It is needed that there are many strong domestic rivals in a highly potential retail market like Japan.3. Distribution System Traditionally, Japans multilayered distribution networks have notoriously made selling merchandise more expensive for retailers. Wal-Marts desire to remove middle man and wholesalers from this network is quite challenging. These above obstacles bring about unf avorable risks to Wal-Mart and it requires time to deliberate and make the right decision in grasping the cultural quirks. The bit-by-bit approach has proved its rightness in entering a wholly new market in case of Wal-Mart. Thereupon, a faster market entry wouldnt be more effective but might be a path to another failure of Wal-Mart. Question 3 In your opinion, what is the single close to importantthing Wal-Mart can do to ensure success in Japan? Explain. In our opinion, the single most important thing Wal-Mart can do to ensure success in Japan is to streamlining its supply chain, or to skip the middleman in other word, then it should be able to pass lower costs along to the customer.Therefore, Wal-Mart would have a huge advantage over its local competitors in its ability to price low. Moreover, the Japanese market appears to be ready for value chains. Wal-Mart is confident it can make significant inroads in Japan under its low-price model, but the challenge will lie in its ability to win over Japanese consumers that its everyday low prices dont translate into poor product quality. Fortunately, Japanese customers are becoming more value conscious, there arises a huge opportunities for discount retailers to capitalize on changing cultural conditions. Entry strategy of Wal-mart in Japan slow and steady. It had learned from past mistakes and knew that getting to market faster didnt necessarily equate to cosmos better. For example, in Germany, where retail regulations and swift price competition are both fierce, Wal-Mart reacted before it inventory systems were in place, and the result was substantial operating losses.Driving the strategy is the installation of Wal-Marts Retail Link operation, a JIT inventory replenishment system shared amongst retailer and supplier, effectively eliminating the wholesaler and speeding up payables and receivables collections. Wal-Mart believed Seiyu was the partner best suited for its entry strategy because by working through a local partner, Wal-Mart believed it could better wade through Japans long and costly network of suppliers, which has long frustrated many other foreign investor. Since only the biggest Japanese retailers have the leverage with manufactures, partnering with an existing market leader should prove invaluable when attempting to negotiate direct deals. Moreover, Wal-Mart avoids having to build stores and can take advantage of Seiyus well-recognized brand. Question 4 Do you think Wal-Mart is doing enough cross-cultural training with its Seiyu employees?What are the greatest challenges Wal-Mart faces in relating to its Japanese employees? In our opinion, in such a diametrical market like Japan compare to the USs, Wal-Mart is doing enough cross cultural training with its Seiyu employees, but will take time to make employees to lodge changes. First, to reinforce the importance of selling correctly, Wal-Mart has put store managers through weeklong training sessions and hasflown hundreds of Seiyu workers to company headquarter in Arkansas. This hopefully can be successful in training Wal-Mart Japans employees to learn global management and selling style which meet the world standard harmonize to Seiyus CEO said. Nevertheless, according to the case, Wal-Mart arranged just a few cultural training classes to teach the employees to be more outspoken, upbeat and goal-oriented while encouraging employees continually praising co-workers.Apparently, Wal-Mart somehow is not applying a right strategy. Japan is a country where people highly appreciate humbleness. Therefore, appraising co-workers is considered as an inappropriate action which cannot be substantially accepted by large number of employees. As a consequence, this might cause difficulties especially for trainee to adapt a new perception within a short term. The greatest challenges Wal-Mart is facing regardless of its Japanese employees should be the culture differences, they have to find out how to deal with the re sistance to change of workers. The second job is maintaining the budget for retraining staff, sending them to foreign environment to learn new management methods to increase sales of Japan Wal-Mart Stores, which may take long time.Question 5 How can Wal-Mart respond to some of the negative impressions of its employment practices in the United States so that these perspectives do not follow it as it expands internationally? With the problem of sex-discrimination lawsuit in 2001, Wal-Mart has fought to class action decision as recently as early 2007. However, its attempts have been unsuccessful. Besides, in order to counter the negative advancement of the discrimination lawsuit, Wal-Mart also opened a diversity office in November 2003, enhancing their claim that Wal-Mart is a wonderful place for women and minorities to work and isolated complaints do not change this fact Despite the complaint of lowing workers standard of living that lead to the negative impact on Wal-Marts image, the company has little trouble property its shoppers with low prices or attracting workers with the promise of a career in a fast-growing company. Nevertheless, Wal-Mart offers a very promising promoting opportunity to each of its staff. At Wal-Mart, anyone, without a high school degree start as a cart pusher in the parking lot can end up being a store manager, district manager or a regional vice-president. Those reactions ensure a future for Wal-Mart as the biggest private retail employer in the world.

“Shrouded in Contradiction” by Gelareh Asayesh

In the essay Shrouded in Contradiction by Gelareh Asayesh discusses the distention of gender in her Moslem society. She expresses her feeling toward wearing a hijab and how its not a big deal until it is. None have been more daring than I. Ive wound my scarf into a turban, leaving my neck bare to the breeze. The woman in black is a government employee paid to police public morals. Fix your scarf at erst she snaps. But Im hot, I say. Youre hot? she exclaims. Dont you think we all are? I start unwinding my makeshift turban. The men arent hot, I mutter. Her companion looks at me in shocked reproach. Sister, this isnt about men and women, she said, shaking her head. This is about Islam. I want to argue. I feel like a child. Defiant, merely powerless. Burning with injustice, but also with a hint of shame. In this excerpt, she clearly expresses the way that a hijab is about a lot more than a religious article of clothing.Its a societal definition of genders. She expresses the way t hat the hijab can become complicated do to the societal views. She feels a strong sense of injustice because on a hot scorching day by the sea short, as a result of their sexuality women have to endure the heat in silence under there hijab. When she expresses her discomfort, she is reproach by a women officer. She reminded her that the hijab has nothing to do with being a woman or a man, but is about being an Moslem woman.Thus, lies the contradiction, gender does play a role within the Islamic religion and society. This dictates the way in which a woman should dresses, and is expected to behave. This excerpt correlates with the main guinea pig of this essay, by explaining the role of clothing in an Islamic society. She also links this excerpt by expressing the powerless and guilty feelings she felt when the officer reproach her. in that respect she was a women, yet she felt like a child. Because of the societal rules and expectations that where being demanded of her.

Twenty four hour truce

As women, we each dream of a life where we last feel free and safe. Just the mere thought of being able to walk down the street al matchless at 1 1 PM without worrying that someone might take advantage of you Is beyond exhilarating, feeling safe In our own homes, safe In our relationships, safe amongst the figures who were deemed to be hold dearors unless arouse proved time and time again to be the mall source of our pain. Andrea Drinks calls upon a truce, A Twenty-Four-Hour Truce During Which There Is No Rape.Henceforth this analyze leave critically analyses Drinks plea, non only ringing forth an end to rape and the rise of men in against this patriarchal war but to conduce an upturn in gender equity and the evaluation of restorative and retributory justice. First and foremost we need to define what gender peerity is. Gender equality dismiss be regarded as the measurable equal representation of women and men. Gender equality does not Infer that women and men ar the an alogous amongst other reasons we atomic number 18 not the kindred and we will never be the same mainly because of our biological stand points.But gender equality does Imply that both men and women ought to eve equal value and should be accorded equal treatment not only In the work induct but In the societal view as a whole. In Drinks speech, she proves that patriarchy Is a framework that is socially embedded in the eve stands of the clothes that we wear. Even to those who proclaim that they do not support such backwards yet very present views of patriarchy, their silence, their standing in the shadows doing and saying nothing is a clear indication of their support.As it verifies that he who is most violent stands in the place of being the alpha masculine. Men such as Joseph Kong or militant ropes such as the Book Harem, Doll Hitler, Fillmore Slim.. And so forth brook confound their marks in the sand of time for the oppression of women . All opposed by the female masses yet th e males, those who are so-calledly on the same superior ranking, have remained on the side-lines of this In Just war against women abuse In all angles. L would Like to scream and In that screams I would have the raped and the sobs of the battered and even worse, In the centre of that scream I would have the deafening sound of womens silence, that silence into which we are born because e are women and in which most of us die Andrea Drinks I believe that we have reached a point in time where this on going struggle against male dominance should not be necessarily headed by females only.We live in this world where when it is deemed necessary in the public eye men and women are equal, we have seen and embraced the leadership skills of women, the inventors and of those have proved to be twice as strong in combat. It Is time that men pulled out their placards from their cupboards and voiced out their feelings of rebellion against patriarchy and put their foot forward towards gender equal ity. Ender equality or gender equity does not Ill In the hands of men. As It Is with any combat that Is being fought the greatest victory comes from the mind of the oppressed.Realigns that they themselves are indeed worth the fight and that they are not and should not be educate other women. This is potential through education because, yes, even in this day and age most women especially of those coming up from townships and surrounding violent areas still believe that if a man hits you leaves you with bruises, if a man puts you down emotionally and if a man forces himself on you especially if o are in a relationship. This is seen as a proud declaration to the public of his love towards you. As we bang first and foremost change comes from within.So before we can expect anyone on the outside to protect women and to speak on behalf of women the oppressed minds of those whose lives have revolved around playing victim need to be able to stand up for what is that they believe in which s hould be gender equality A gun in every holster, a pregnant woman in every home will make America a man again -Ronald Reagan One needs to define and fully understand what it really means to be a man. In this end we see that being a man takes on the form of being superior and being in control.On the perspective of gender equity gender ground violence is not the only form of oppression. Abuse comes in many forms and sizes. Gender violence includes rape, sexual assault relationship violence in straight and same sex relationships, sexual harassment, stalking, prostitution and sex trafficking. The term gender violence reflects the idea that violence often serves to maintain structural gender inequalities, and includes all types of violence against women, tikeren, adolescents, gay and transgender people.This type of violence in some way influences or is influenced by gender relations. To sufficiently address this violence, we have to address cultural issues that encourage violence as part of masculinity. The workplace is also one of the places where great oppression against women occur. In the workplace women are often obliged to transact favors whether it be sexually they or other they are subsequently expected to earn lower salaries than their male counterparts even if though they might do the same amount of work if not more.People often misinterpret the teaching of religion to fit their own demented fetishes in relation to male dominance. Where one spectral book would teach the readings of the submissiveness of women and how respect is a two way streak another would get word at that teaching as a means where women are to be treated as puppets and they are the puppeteers in that they control every movement. Society also places a huge role on how women are supposed to think, look, eat, enhance, wear and behave. There has been a great shift in the way that women dress in the asses as apposed to now.It is onlooker about looking reprehensible and recherche an d well put together at all times. It is indeed about how much skin you can show, it is about sex petition. Now this sex appeal is not directly directed to other women it is in actual fact directed at men, as they are seen as having the most purchasing position in all angles. The common phrase sex sells is true, but at what cost? It is at the cost of thousands of women pioneering to walk around half naked to be recognized by men it is at the heart of a multimillion dollar food chain (Hooters) .Women may not monumentally realism this pressure to constantly look good, not necessarily for ourselves but for the pleasure of males. This is a form of oppression because it means that as women we are unconsciously forced to sell ourselves for the benefit of those who will view women as nothing more than Just visual pleasures. The current resolutions is given to individuals that do not have an interest in the matter, which ultimately prevents the individuals gnarly from determining their ow n form of justice. Additionally, obedience to this system is enforced under duress.Rather than sing force to achieve compliance, the anarchist approach to resolving conflict is voluntary, and believes arbiter can only be determined by the involved parties through dialogue. This means, rather than sending offenders to Jail, they confront the people that have been harmed by their actions, and take function for rectifying the situation and by helping them recognizes their mistake. But how does one find comfort in rehabilitating a fully grown man who rapes a child? How does one rectify years and years of broken bones, black eyes and blank outs when the fear of being rut again is deeply rooted in the womens soul.Whereas, punitive Justice works on the basis that it is indeed an eye for an eye. It believes in punishment an in a sense, revenge but could also have pestiferous outcomes as the root of the problem was not resolved and because of this the perpetrator can do it again. Not much punishment can be done because of the humankind right laws that are in place to protect everyone equally It is like a child that is being punished for something that he or she does not understand, the chances of that child doing it again are very high cause they could not see where they went wrong.There is no sure fire way of preventing perpetrators from acting again. We do not know if restorative Justice or punitive is the way forward as we are all different some people have higher lesson values than others and some Just dont have them. Period. In closing Drinks claims do have merit in South Africa as our rape and women abuse ratings toss out rocket by the minute. Is it possible, yes, purely because anything is possible. But not in the near future, equality is system that will take a lot of time to ordinate too. This not only applies to men but to women as well.

Personal and professional development Essay

In essence, a team may be defined as two or more people who co-operate together with a b bothpark aim. A Team focuses towards common goals and clear purpose (park, 1990). The purpose of this report is to reflect on my experience on working in radicals, effectiveness of group work, presentation skills, and reflect on the presentation skills.Effectiveness of the group work The most popular and common model which explains the effectiveness of the team work is Tuckman (1965) the five-spot portrays group development model. According to Tuckman (1965) there are five gunpoints of group development and these stages include forming, storming, norming, preforming, and adjourning. The first stage of group development is forming stage, under this stage the team members are selected, and get to fill out each otherwise, accusings are well defined, and tasks are identified.Group members try to identify a group leader and the other roles, and they try to find out what behaviors are acceptable to work in group. The second stage of group development is storming, this stage often characterized as divergence stage, where member tends to disagree on leadership, objectives and the rules. In addition, nearly members may feel dissatisfied with his or her group. The third stage of group development is norming, at this stage the group manages to fork up one objective goal and come to a common plan for the team. Some may have to give up their knowledge ideas and agree with others to make the team function.In this stage, all team members take the responsibility and have the ambition to work for the success of the teams objective goals. The fourth stage of group development is preforming, at this stage team members performed at the best of their abilities, and the project will be completed effectively and all the problems will be resolved at this stage. The last stage of group development is adjourning, at this stage the members will be happy due to team achievements of their g roup at the same time they might feel sad because they will be losing close friends when the project comes to the end.Belbin (1981) has researched and analysed effective group performance and recommends a new team model of nine different roles. These roles include the coordinator, the shaper, the implementor, the monitor evaluator, the plant, the resource investigator, the team worker, the completer and the specialist. The coordinator is a soulfulness who has skills to organize, harmonize and control the team real well. The shaper is a person who makes things happens and encourages the team to action. The implemantor is the person who is hard working who like clear objectives and directions. The monitor evaluator is a person who solves the problems and evaluates the suggestions and the ideas. The planet is innovator, creator and inventor.The resource investigators are likeable, enthusiastic, creative and innovative, excelling under pressure through the improvisation. The team wor kers are the ones who improve the communication theory between the team members and foster team spirit. The completer is the person who Have all the necessary or appropriate parts and ensures about the targets and deadlines. The specialist contributes technical skills and he is self-motivated, committed and professional in his tasks. Belbin (1981) claims that if the team is neither in a team role, or has too umpteen of the same types of role, it would be less effective team.Reflection on Group Work To some extent our team follows Tuckman (1965) five stage of development but we removed the second stage which is storming. The team consists of four people and we are all friends we know each others from the beginning of the semester. . The purpose of the team is to write a report on Melaka trip. We divided the task each member is devoted a particular task and team leader assume the overall supervision role. These tasks include conducting interview, winning picture, and managing. Ea ch member adopts different team roles ground on our skills so as to ensure effectiveness of our team work. For instance, I assume the role of the monitor evaluator and specialist. I have technical skills of taking picture and also am good in analyzing problems and providing good suggestions.Indeed, our team managed to succeed because of our strong relationship, Since member are familiar to each other, the atmosphere was joyful, we were very(prenominal) happy to work together as team, we trust each other and we had achieved an excellent work together.Presentation Skills According to Carlile and Hensley ( 2005) effective presentation includes planning and committal to writing the presentation, effective use of visual benefits, overcoming nervousness, confidence in delivering and competent answering questions. For instance, presenter needs to understand the aim and purpose of the presentation that he or she will present, prepare well in advance, master the content and research on th e audience in parliamentary law to tailor the content to meet the expectancy and understanding of the listeners.Moreover, Students who have a good foundation in literacy skills, with reading, writing and oral communication skills have bigger opportunities to experience the success as active fellow of society. Equally students, who have limited literacy skills, will find it difficult to make successful move from high school, to university. In addition, the success of leadership, teamwork and work part depends on communication skills (New London Group, 1996).Reflection on presentation skills Before the presentation I was worried about what I well do and how I will speak but after I done my presentation I relaxed because I did a great job the tutor comments was good. Therefore, I have learnt many lessons from individual and group presentations and the tutor feedback that i will try to follow in my next presentations. Now am aware that oral communications skill is a way for successf ul life after university. I have weakness regarding to my presentation skills, and my weaknesses are nervousness and weak preparation. Therefore, in order to succeed in presentations I will work harder in my future presentations and try to master the presentations skills.Conclusion To sum up, I have learned many lessons during this semester and, this group and individual work that I have done so far. I have also learnt many skills and these include social skills, presentation skills, social skills and spirit of working together as team for mutual goals. Moreover, I have learnt how to communicate and work effectively with people even if I disagree with their ideas.

L. E. Fouraker & J. M. Stopford †Organizational Structure and the Multinational Strategy Essay

Organizations constitute an important part of society. Parsons (1960) said that with placements it is possible to get things done, and achieve goals beyond the reach of the individual. However, organizations whitethorn face continuous structural change, as A. D. C returnlers Strategy and Structure (1966) suggest. Lawrence E. Fouraker, a Business Administration lecturer, and John M. Stopford, a explore associate at the Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration analyze this work in their paper titled Organizational Structure and the Multinational Strategy. The following is a brief synopsis of the same.To begin with, a historical outline is given of how company resources were acquired and used. According to Chandler, there was an initial expansion and accumulation of resources (qtd. in Fouraker and Stopford 1968 48), wherefore followed by a reduction of these utilized resources, an opening out into new markets, and eventually the development of an entirely new structure. The se four stages in time, tally to Fouraker and Stopford die hard to distinctive organizational structures. The so called grapheme I organization is a basic organization that is seen to be the extension of the head of the company, and and so reflects the same interests, abilities, and limitations (qtd. in Fouraker and Stopford 1968 48) of the chief and/or founder. It is characterized by its focus on the production of a single product only, and furthermore, stresses a single task, leaving little or no flexibility in terms of adaptation to new market developments. The problem solving or decision-making always leads to one individual who carries all burdens. This might similarly be explained by the philosophy or mind-set of the management (command and control).Having a very basic organizational design, the marketing orientation (as per Kotler and Armstrong 2006) that describes the Type I organization scoop, may be the product concept. Although no actual product innovations argon enforced, it does apply to a certain extent since this model assumes that the organizations core business is to target a high sale in volumes of the product that is marked by its quality, and that is manufactured by the smaller-sized company. A elementary example for such an organizational type may be a company that produces plain mousetraps. Since a Type I organization would believe in its single product most intensively, it is important that the organization does not get trapped in marketing myopia, i.e. by thinking that their product (the mousetrap) is the only and best built product, ignoring better solutions (for instance chemical spray or exterminating services) (Kotler and Armstrong 2006 10).The Type II organization on the other hand is defined by expertness and the rational use of resources (qtd. in Fouraker and Stopford 1968 49). Being based on the structure of a Type I organization, one still stays within a single functional activity (qtd. in Fouraker and Stopford 1 968 49), but simultaneously expands to a few more related products, or diversified product-lines. This development mainly took place, according to Fouraker and Stopford, in order to avoid risks, ensure that the organization continues to function once the core product has reached its expiration, and to make an efficient use of the equipment and plant (i.e. to use it to its wax capacity). One now excessively has a vertically integrated style of management, which, however, still excludes research and development. It is further highlighted by Fouraker and Stopford, that although various products are being produced efficiently, so far no actual management or professional administration is applied.On the contrary, the same type of management philosophy predominates. However, the better co-ordination in functions allows for the involve within the marketing framework One shifted to the production concept. This becomes obvious since, according to Kotler and Armstrong (2006 9), consumers a re in need of brookable and available products, which on the other hand makes more efficiency in the production-process necessary. An historical example is given by Henry Ford and his development of the Model T car. It had been his aim that every family could afford such a car, hence he efficiently reduced the production time from 12 hours to 96 minutes by means of the moving company line (Ali and Gomez 2006 14). The subsequently developing organization, Type III, builds up in its complexity, which also brings about the need for professional management and a general change in managements approach towards the components within the rank chain.It allows for general managers to be trained and tested and also to be instituted in unrelated divisions (which are marooned on the basis of the nature of the products). Specifically, one now has a multi-divisional product structure (i.e. the divisions are separated on the product basis) with more functional certificate of indebtedness being delegated to the division general managers. For the first time, organizations now also carry out research and development to a large degree. Product innovation hence plays a role, and the need for better marketing arises, that means the marketing concept (as per Kotler and Armstrong 2006) is practiced. By focusing on consumer needs, one uses integrated marketing perfectly on both, the external and the internal level, and achieves profits through customer satisfaction (Kotler and Armstrong 2006 10). Ericsson and Sony might be examples for companies who follow this organizational and marketing design.The authors then go into the fact that from research and development, product innovation, and the new organizational structure, a development of investments into foreign markets emerges. Among others, that is the case because the products produced locally, are unique and will not be found abroad. There are contrasting types however, of how the set-up may look like (i.e. there might be a separate international division, world-wide production divisions, a geographic division, or a mixed form). Lastly, there is an illustration of the modern organization, or matrix organization, where there are many more products and product departments, along with different managers and different geographical registrations. In terms of a three-dimensional design it typically would see the managers on an x-axis, the product range on the y-axis, and the locations on the z-axis (although this may vary). It is also very likely that a manager in such a structure carries responsibility for more than one product, attached to different regional focuses.This understandably suggests more flexibility (managers are automatically more skilled and can adopt different tasks), but also brings about the problem of a split up responsibility or a weak accountability (for instance difficulties when questioning which manager would be liable for the success or failure of a item product launch in any reg ion). Both the product as well as the marketing concept can be implemented by a company that has this structure. The product concept may be applicable since product differentiation takes place, and it is the organizations aim to create higher value added by exploring different product ranges (most likely by the use of R&D). At the same time, relationship marketing might be applied (i.e. comforting customers for the long-term), when considering that managers will opt for recurring purchases.All in all, the above has been an outline of Chandlers Strategy and Structure (1966), re-studied by Lawrence E. Fouraker and John M. Stopford. Although the evolution of different organizational designs is illustrated to a great extent, it is evident that virtually all of these are still having importance today as they are wittingly or unwittingly implemented by corporations.

Getting Knowledge from Reading Essay

see is the best way to learn different kinds of things. Such as adaptation recipe books for making delicious dishes, or learning different kinds of language, or cultures. We are starting learning our children at the age of 1 or less. We always start from alphabets. So that, they can makes their habit to read books. I think which is really good for them. But nowadays mostly people taket like to read books they think that its very difficult to understand.Teenagers go to the library for fun, but they never read the books moreover, they think books are tedious to read. However, for some people books are their life wherever they go whether in the bus or somewhere else they start reading books, no matter what another(prenominal) people is going to think. Like in this book for these two authors reading is their life. They really think that books are gifts for them are Ricky Moody, who wrote, The joy and enthusiasm of reading, and Alberto Manguel, who wrote, Reading ourselves and the w orld around us.Reading is call on a passion for two of them. Moody talks about believes in the books and on the other pass around MAnguel talks about the outside world. It gives the opportunity to think about differently and come up their conclusion. For Moody, reading is his believe he also mentioned when he premiere started his phrase that he believe in choosing difficult kinds of books so that he can come up with his own ideas.Moody also mentioned in his article that reading was not an option, Mr.Buxton, who probably had better things to do, nonetheless agreed to meet one night to go over the text line by line. The startle thing he did was point out the repetition of motifs. (3) Moody did not give up for that he picks up the other book that intrigued him. Moody chief(prenominal) motive is to teach other people that reading your own and come up with your conclusion that can give you freedom to think something bigger. You dont need anybody to help you can explain you line b y line. People should pick difficult books so that they can learn something new and challenge themselves.Furthermore, for Manguel, reading also teaches us to learn from your surroundings. In his article, Manguel states that, The astronomer reading a map of stars that no longer exist the Japanese architect reading the push down on which a house is to be built so as to guard it from evil foces the zoologist reading the spoor of animals in the forest(6). Manguel means that sometime(prenominal) you dont need the specific books to gain knowledge. However, sometime you can read the other person face.He also said that only mother can understand her child language when her child is hungry. Reading can gives an individual so much books give a lot of knowledge and become us smarter, because some time we are too busy with our other works that we forget that books help us to think broader. But in these articles, for both author reading is their life and passion for them. They can come up with their conclusion they are taking interest, sharing their view, and showing their passion so that other people can learn from them.

Vampire Academy Chapter 17

SEVENTEENA FEW DAYS LATER, LISSA found me distant the commons and de a focuslastred the most astonishing upstarts.Uncle superscripts acquiring Natalie off campus this weekend to go shopping in Missoula. For the dance. They say I could come along.I didnt say anything. She calculateed surprised at my silence.Isnt that cool?For you, I guess. No m solelys or dances in my future.She smiled excitedly. He told Natalie she could add two other people besides me. I convinced her to bring you and Camille.I threw up my circulates. Well, thanks, but Im non even supposed to go to the library aft(prenominal) school. No ones going to let me go to Missoula.Uncle Victor speak outs he can get Headmistress Kirova to let you go. Dimitris onerous too.Dimitri?Yeah. He has to go with me if I leave campus. She grinned, taking my interest in Dimitri as interest in the mall. They estimate out my account finally I got my allowance grit. So we can buy other pres sure as shooting along with dress es. And you k nowadays if they let you go to the mall, theyll stir to let you go to the dance.Do we go to dances now? I say. We never had before. School-sponsored social events? No way.Of course not. provided you know therell be all large-mindeds of mystery story dowryies. Well start at the dance and sneak off. She sighed happily. Mias so jealous she can bargonly stand it.She went on sylphlikely all the stores wed go to, all the things wed buy. I admit, I was kind of excited at the bosom twinge of getting some new c circuithes, but I doubted Id actually get this mythical release.Oh hey, she state excitedly. You should earn these shoes Camille let me borrow. I never knew we wore the similar size. Hang on. She opened her backpack and began rifling through with(predicate) it.Suddenly, she screamed and threw it ingest. Books and shoes spilled out. So did a dead dove.It was one of the pale brown mourning doves that sat on wires along the freeway and under trees on campus . It had so much blood on it that I couldnt work up out where the wound was. Who knew something so small even had that much blood? Regardless, the bird was definitely dead. cover version her mouth, Lissa st ard wordlessly, look wide-cut.Son of a bitch, I swore. Without hesitating, I grabbed a stick and pushed the little feathered clay aside. When it was out of the way, I started shoving her stuff back into the backpack, savouring not to think close dead-bird germs. wherefore the orchestra pit does this grasp LissI leapt over and grabbed her, pulling her away. She had been kneeling on the ground, with her hand outstretched to the dove. I dont think shed even veritableized what she was about to do. The instinct in her was so strong, it acted on its own.Lissa, I verbalise, tightening my hand around hers. She was still leaning toward the bird. Dont. Dont do it.I can save it.No, you cant. You promised, remember? Some things guide to stay dead. Let this one go. Still flavour ing her tension, I pleaded. Please, Liss. You promised. No more healings. You said you wouldnt. You promised me. afterward a few more scraps, I felt her hand relax and her body slump against mine. I hate this, Rose. I hate all of this.Natalie walked outside thus, oblivious to the gruesome sight awaiting her.Hey, do you guys oh my idol she squealed, seeing the dove. What is that?I helped Lissa as we rose to our feet. Another, um, prank.Is itdead? She scrunched up her flavor in disgust.Yes, I said firmly.Natalie, picking up on our tension, looked between the two of us. What else is wrong?Nothing. I pass Lissa her backpack. This is on the dot someones stupid, stern joke, and Im going to tell Kirova so they can clean this up.Natalie saturnine away, looking a little green. Why do people keep doing this to you? Its horrible.Lissa and I exchanged looks.I keep back no idea, I said. hitherto as I walked to Kirovas office, I started to wonder.When wed found the fox, Lissa had hinte d that someone must know about the raven. I hadnt believed that. Wed been only if in the woods that night, and Ms. Karp wouldnt demand told anyone. only if what if someone actually had seen? What if someone unplowed doing this not to scoot her, but to see if shed heal again? What had the rabbit note said? I know what you are.I didnt mention any of this to Lissa I figured there were only so galore(postnominal) of my conspiracy theories she could handle. Besides, when I maxim her the next day, shed possiblely forgotten the dove in light of other news Kirova had abandoned me permission to go on the misstep that weekend. The prospect of shopping can brighten a lot of dark situations even animal murder and I hurl my own worries on hold.Only, when the metre came, I discovered my release came with strings attached.Headmistress Kirova thinks youve done well since coming back, Dimitri told me.Aside from starting a mesh in Mr. Nagys class?She doesnt blame you for that. Not entir ely. I convinced her you needed a breakand that you could drill this as a training exercise.Training exercise?He gave me a brief explanation as we walked out to meet the others going with us. Victor Dashkov, as sickly as ever, was there with his guardians, and Natalie practically pose into him. He smiled and gave her a careful hug, one that ended when a coughing fit took over. Natalies look went wide with concern as she waited for it to pass.He claimed he was fine to accompany us, and dapple I admired his resolve, I thought hed be putting himself through a lot just to shop with a fate of puerile girls.We rode out the two-hour trip to Missoula in a large school vanguardguard, exit just after sunrise. Many Moroi lived separately from humans, but many also lived among them, and when shopping at their malls, you had to go during their hours. The back windows of the van had tinted glass to filter the light and keep the worst of it away from the vampires.We had nine people in ou r mathematical group Lissa, Victor, Natalie, Camille, Dimitri, me, and three other guardians. two of the guardians, Ben and Spiridon, continuously traveled with Victor. The third was one of the schools guardians Stan, the jerk whod humiliated me on my first day back.Camille and Natalie dont drive personal guardians yet, Dimitri explained to me. Theyre both under the protection of their families guardians. Since they are Academy students leaving campus, a school guardian accompanies them Stan. I go because Im Lissas assigned guardian. Most girls her age wouldnt have a personal guardian yet, but circumstances make her unusual.I sat in the back of the van with him and Spiridon, so they could dispense guardian wisdom to me as part of the training exercise. Ben and Stan sat up front, while the others sat in the middle. Lissa and Victor talked to each other a lot, catching up on news. Camille, raise to be polite among older royals, smiled and nodded along. Natalie, on the other hand , looked left out and kept trying to sky her fathers attention from Lissa. It didnt work. Hed apparently learned to tune out her chatter.I turned back to Dimitri. Shes supposed to have two guardians. Princes and princesses always do.Spiridon was Dimitris age, with spiky blond hair and a more casual attitude. Despite his classic name, he had a Southern drawl. Dont worry, shell have plenty when the time comes. Dimitris already one of them. Odds are youll be one too. And thats why youre here today.The training part, I guessed.Yup. Youre going to be Dimitris partner.A moment of funny silence vicious, plausibly not noticeable to anyone except Dimitri and me. Our eyes met.Guarding partner, Dimitri clarified unnecessarily, like possibly he too had been thinking of other kinds of partners.Yup, agreed Spiridon.Oblivious to the tension around him, he went on to explain how guardian pairs worked. It was standard stuff, straight from my textbooks, but it meant more now that Id be doing it i n the real world. Guardians were assigned to Moroi based on importance. Two was a common grouping, one Id probably work in a lot with Lissa. One guardian stayed close to the target the other stood back and kept an eye on the surroundings.Boringly, those holding these positions were called near and far guards.Youll probably always be near guard, Dimitri told me. Youre female and the homogeneous age as the princess. You can stay close to her without attracting any attention.And I cant ever take my eyes off her, I noted. Or you.Spiridon laughed again and elbowed Dimitri. Youve got a star student there. Did you give her a office?No. Shes not ready.I would be if someone would show me how to use one, I argued. I knew all guardian in the van had a stake and a gun concealed on him. more to it than just using the stake, said Dimitri in his old-and-wise way. Youve still got to subdue them. And youve got to bring yourself to kill them.Why wouldnt I kill them?Most Strigoi used to be Moroi wh o purposely turned. Sometimes theyre Moroi or dhampirs turned by force. It doesnt matter. Theres a strong chance you powerfulness know one of them. Could you kill someone you used to know?This trip was getting less fun by the minute.I guess so. Id have to, right? If its them or LissaYou might still hesitate, said Dimitri. And that hesitation could kill you. And her.Then how do you make sure you dont hesitate?You have to keep telling yourself that they arent the same people you knew. Theyve become something dark and twisted. Something moved(p). You have to let go of attachments and do whats right. If they have any grain of their former selves left, theyll probably be grateful.Grateful for me killing them?If someone turned you into a Strigoi, what would you deprivation? he asked.I didnt know how to answer that, so I said nothing. neer taking his eyes off me, he kept pushing.What would you want if you knew you were going to be converted into a Strigoi against your will? If you knew you would lose all sense of your old morals and empathizeing of whats right and wrong? If you knew youd live the rest of your intent your immortal life killing innocent people? What would you want?The van had great(p) uncomfortably silent. Staring at Dimitri, burdened by all those questions, I all of a sudden understood why he and I had this weird attraction, good looks aside.Id never met anyone else who took being a guardian so seriously, who understand all the life-and- demolition consequences. Certainly no one my age did yet Mason hadnt been able to understand why I couldnt relax and drink at the party. Dimitri had said I grasped my duty better than many older guardians, and I didnt get why especially when they would have seen so much more death and danger. But I knew in that moment that he was right, that I had some weird sense of how life and death and good and evil worked with each other.So did he. We might get lonely sometimes. We might have to put our fun on hold. We might not be able to live the lives we wanted for ourselves. But that was the way it had to be. We understood each other, understood that we had others to protect. Our lives would never be easy.And making decisions like this one was part of that.If I became StrigoiId want someone to kill me.So would I, he said quietly. I could tell that hed had the same flash of realization Id just had, that same sense of connection between us.It reminds me of Mikhail hunting Sonya, murmured Victor thoughtfully.Who are Mikhail and Sonya? asked Lissa.Victor looked surprised. Why, I thought you knew. Sonya Karp.Sonya Karyou mean, Ms. Karp? What about her? She looked back and frontward between me and her uncle.Shebecame Strigoi, I said, not contact Lissas eyes. By choice.Id known Lissa would find out some day. It was the final piece of Ms. Karps saga, a secret Id kept to myself. A secret that worried me constantly. Lissas face and bond registered complete and utter shock, growing in potency when sh e recognise Id known and never told.But I dont know who Mikhail is, I added.Mikhail Tanner, said Spiridon.Oh. Guardian Tanner. He was here before we left. I frowned. Why is he chasing Ms. Karp?To kill her, said Dimitri flatly. They were lovers.The entire Strigoi thing shifted into new focus for me. Running into a Strigoi I knew during the heat of battle was one thing. Purposely hunting down someonesomeone Id loved. Well, I didnt know if I could do that, even if it was technically the right thing. maybe it is time to talk about something else, said Victor gently. Today isnt a day to dwell on depressing topics.I think all of us felt relieved to get to the mall. Shifting into my bodyguard role, I stuck by Lissas side as we wandered from store to store, looking at all the new styles that were out there. It was nice to be in public again and to do something with her that was just fun and didnt involve any of the dark, twisted politics of the Academy. It was almost like old times. Id mi ssed just hanging out. Id missed my lift out friend.Although it was only just past mid-November, the mall already had glittering holiday decorations up. I decided I had the best job ever. Admittedly, I did feel a little put out when I realized the older guardians got to stay in contact through cool little communication devices. When I protested my wish of one, Dimitri told me Id learn better without one. If I could handle protecting Lissa the old-fashioned way, I could handle anything.Victor and Spiridon stayed with us while Dimitri and Ben fanned out, somehow managing not to look like creepy stalker guys watching teenage girls.This is so you, said Lissa in Macys, handing me a low-cut tank top embellished with lace. Ill buy it for you.I regarded it longingly, already picturing myself in it. Then, making my regular eye contact with Dimitri, I shook my head and handed it back. Winters coming. Id get cold.Never stopped you before.Shrugging, she hung it back up. She and Camille tried on a nonstop string of clothes, their colossal allowances ensuring that price posed no problem. Lissa offered to buy me anything I wanted. Wed been generous with each other our whole lives, and I didnt hesitate to take her up on it. My choices surprised her.Youve got three thermal shirts and a hoodie, she informed me, flipping through a stack of BCBG jeans. Youve gone all muted on me.Hey, I dont see you buying slutty tops.Im not the one who wears them.Thanks a lot.You know what I mean. Youre even wearing your hair up.It was true. Id taken Dimitris advice and jailed my hair up in a high bun, earning a smile when hed seen me. If Id had molnija marks, they would have shown.Glancing around, she made sure none of the others could hear us. The feelings in the bond shifted to something more troubled.You knew about Ms. Karp.Yeah. I heard about it a month or so after she left.Lissa tossed a pair of embroidered jeans over her arm, not looking at me. Why didnt you tell me?You didnt need to know.You didnt think I could handle it?I kept my face perfectly blank. As I stared at her, my mind was back in time, back to two familys ago. Id been on day two of my suspension for allegedly destroying Wades room when a royal party visited the school. Id been allowed to attend that response too but had been under heavy guard to make sure I didnt try anything.Two guardians escorted me to the commons and talked quietly with each other along the way.She killed the doctor attending her and nearly took out half(a) the patients and nurses on her way out.Do they have any idea where she went?No, theyre tracking herbut, well, you know how it is.I never expected her to do this. She never seemed like the type.Yeah, well, Sonya was crazy. Did you see how violent she was getting near the end? She was suitable of anything.Id been trudging along miserably and jerked my head up.Sonya? You mean Ms. Karp? I asked. She killed somebody?The two guardians exchanged looks. Finally, one said gravely, She became a Strigoi, Rose.I stopped walking and stared. Ms. Karp? Noshe wouldnt haveIm afraid so, the other one replied. Butyou should keep that to yourself. Its a tragedy. Dont make it school gossip.I went through the rest of the night in a daze. Ms. Karp. Crazy Karp. Shed killed someone to become Strigoi. I couldnt believe it.When the reception ended, Id managed to sneak off from my guardians and steal a few precious moments with Lissa. The bond had grown strong by now, and I hadnt needed to see her face to know how miserable she was.Whats wrong? I asked her. We were in a corner of the hallway, just outside the commons.Her eyes were blank. I could feel how she had a headache its pain transferred to me. II dont know. I just feel weird. I feel like Im being followed, like I have to be careful, you know?I didnt know what to say. I didnt think she was being followed, but Ms. Karp used to say the same thing. Always paranoid. Its probably nothing, I said lightly.Probably, she agreed. Her eyes suddenly narrowed. But Wade isnt. He wont shut up about what happened. You cant believe the things hes saying about you.I could, actually but I didnt care. Forget about him. Hes nothing.I hate him, she said. Her voice was uncharacteristically sharp. Im on the committee with him for that fund-raiser, and I hate hearing him run his fat mouth e real day and seeing him flirt with anything female that walks by. You shouldnt be punished for what he did. He needs to pay.My mouth went dry. Its okayI dont care. Calm down, Liss.I care, she snapped, turning her anger on me. I wish there was a way I could get back at him. Some way to hurt him like he hurt you. She put her hands behind her back and paced back and forth furiously, her steps hard and purposeful.The hatred and anger boiled within her. I could feel it in the bond. It felt like a storm, and it scared the hell out of me. Wrapped around it all was an uncertainty, an instability that said Lissa didnt know what to do but that sh e wanted desperately to do something. Anything. My mind flashed to the night with the baseball bat. And then I thought about Ms. Karp. She became a Strigoi, Rose.It was the scariest moment of my life. Scarier than seeing her in Wades room. Scarier than seeing her heal that raven. Scarier than my take into custody by the guardians would be. Because just then, I didnt know my best friend. I didnt know what she was capable of. A year earlier, I would have laughed at anyone who said shed want to go Strigoi. But a year earlier, I also would have laughed at anyone who said shed want to cut her wrists or make someone pay.In that moment, I suddenly believed she might do the impossible. And I had to make sure she didnt. Save her. Save her from herself.Were leaving, I said, taking her arm and steering her down the hall. Right now.Confusion momentarily replaced her anger. What do you mean? You want to go to the woods or something?I didnt answer. Something in my attitude or words must have sta rtled her, because she didnt question me as I led us out of the commons, cutting across campus toward the position lot where visitors came. It was filled with cars belonging to tonights guests. One of them was a large Lincoln Town Car, and I watched as its chauffeur started it up.Someones leaving early, I said, peering at him from around a cluster of bushes. I glanced behind us and saw nothing. Theyll probably be here any minute.Lissa caught on. When you said, ?Were leaving, you meantno. Rose, we cant leave the Academy. Wed never get through the wards and checkpoints.We dont have to, I said firmly. He does.But how does that help us?I took a obscure breath, regretting what I had to say but seeing it as the lesser of evils. You know how you made Wade do those things?She flinched but nodded.I need you to do the same thing. Go up to that guy and tell him to continue us in his trunk.Shock and fear poured out of her. She didnt understand, and she was scared. Extremely scared. Shed been scared for weeks now, ever since the healing and the moods and Wade. She was breakable and on the edge of something neither of us understood. But through all of that, she trusted me. She believed I would keep her safe.Okay, she said. She took a few steps toward him, then looked back at me. Why? Why are we doing this?I thought about Lissas anger, her desire to do anything to get back at Wade. And I thought about Ms. Karp pretty, unstable Ms. Karp going Strigoi. Im taking care of you, I said. You dont need to know anything else.At the mall in Missoula, standing between racks of designer clothes, Lissa asked again, Why didnt you tell me?You didnt need to know, I repeated.She headed toward the preparation room, still mouth with me. Youre worried Im going to lose it. Are you worried Ill go Strigoi too?No. No way. That was all her. Youd never do that.Even if I was crazy?No, I said, trying to make a joke. Youd just shave your head and live with thirty cats.Lissas feelings grew darker , but she didnt say anything else. Stopping just outside the dressing room, she pulled a black dress off the rack. She brightened a little.This is the dress you were born for. I dont care how practical you are now.Made of silky black material, the dress was strapless and sleek, falling about to the knees. Although it had a slight flair at the hemline, the rest looked like it would definitely manage some serious clinging action. Super sexy. by chance even challenge-the-school-dress-code sexy.That is my dress, I admitted. I kept staring at it, wanting it so badly that it ached in my chest. This was the kind of dress that changed the world. The kind of dress that started religions.Lissa pulled out my size. Try it on.I shook my head and started to put it back. I cant. It would compromise you. One dress isnt worth your grisly death.Then well just get it without you trying it on. She bought the dress.The afternoon continued, and I found myself growing tired. Always watching and being on guard suddenly became a lot less fun. When we hit our last stop, a jewelry store, I felt kind of glad.Here you go, said Lissa, pointing at one of the cases. The necklace made to go with your dress.I looked. A thin gilded chain with a gold-and-diamond rose pendant. Emphasis on the diamond part.I hate rose stuff.Lissa had always loved getting me rose things just to see my reaction, I think. When she saw the necklaces price, her smile fell away.Oh, look at that. Even you have limits, I teased. Your crazy spending is stopped at last.We waited for Victor and Natalie to nail up. He was apparently buying her something, and she looked like she might grow wings and fly away with happiness. I was glad. Shed been dying for his attention. Hopefully he was buying her something extra-expensive to make up for it.We rode home in tired silence, our cat sleep schedules all messed up by the daylight trip. Sitting next to Dimitri, I leaned back against the seat and yawned, very aware that our arms were touching. That feeling of closeness and connection burned between us.So, I cant ever try on clothes again? I asked quietly not wanting to wake up the others. Victor and the guardians were turn, but the girls had fallen asleep.When you arent on duty, you can. You can do it during your time off.I dont ever want time off. I want to always take care of Lissa. I yawned again. Did you see that dress?I saw the dress.Did you like it?He didnt answer. I took that as a yes.Am I going to endanger my constitution if I wear it to the dance?When he spoke, I could barely hear him. Youll endanger the school.I smiled and fell asleep.When I woke up, my head rested against his shoulder. That long coat of his-the duster-covered me like a blanket. The van had stopped we were back at school. I pulled the duster off and climbed out after him, suddenly feeling wide awake and happy. Too bad my freedom was about to end.Back to prison, I sighed, walking beside Lissa toward the commons. Maybe if you fake a heart attack, I can make a break for it.Without your clothes? She handed me a bag, and I swung it around happily. I cant wait to see the dress.Me either. If they let me go. Kirovas still deciding if Ive been good enough.Show her those boring shirts you bought. Shell go into a coma. Im about ready to.I laughed and hopped up onto one of the wooden removees, pacing her as I walked along it. I supported back down when I reached the end. They arent that boring.I dont know what to think of this new, amenable Rose.I hopped up onto another bench. Im not that responsible.Hey, called Spiridon. He and the rest of the group trailed behind us. Youre still on duty. No fun allowed up there.No fun here, I called back, hearing the laughter in his voice. I swear shit.I was up on a third bench, near the end of it. My muscles tensed, ready to jump back down. Only when I tried to, my foot didnt go with me. The wood, at one moment obviously hard and solid, gave way beneath me, almost as though ma de of paper. It disintegrated. My foot went through, my ankle getting caught in the hole while the rest of my body tried to go in another direction. The bench held me, swinging my body to the ground while still seizing my foot. My ankle bent in an unnatural direction. I crashed down. I heard a cracking sound that wasnt the wood. The worst pain of my life shot through my body.And then I blacked out.

Us101 Week3 Effective Study Habits

University of Phoenix Material Effective Study Habits Worksheet appraise Phoenix C beer Plan results of Career Plan Building Activity Work Culture Preference, react to the following in 50 to 100 words distributively 1. Describe your idol work environment. My perfection study environment would be a nice quiet place with no Distractions like my kids communicate me to do something for them every 5 minutes or a place with no white interference like a fan or the air pump in my fish tank. My ideal study environment would have a comfy chair with lumbar support a quiet temperature controlled live and the proper lighting for reduce visual stress. . List some of the distractions that might hinder your study development or your performance in an online classroom. Distractions that hinder my study progress and or performance are having to disturb up in the middle of studying to add up somebody a drink, clean my ho intention or if an uninvited guest drops in to say hi. Two other exam ples would be a telemarketer calling or unexpected repairs to my home. 3. What actions stern you take to manage and eliminate distractions? Some actions I could take to manage these distractions are to stay up upstart or uprise up early when everybody else is sleeping, so I get some piece and quiet.I could inspect my home daily to look for things that may require my attention and get them taken care of ahead of time. 4. How will you apply your personal culture style? How does your personal acquisition style affect your study habits? I will apply my personal nurture style by trying to remember the aspects of my style and how it psychologically helps me see to it. I will act upon trying different methods of stoping to see what really works ruff for me. My personal learning style affects my study habits by free me the knowledge of how I study best, so I substructure use these qualities to improve my study. . List 5 effective study strategies from this week that you will use. Explain why you selected them and why they are effective strategies for online learning. I will work on managing my study time and alerting my-self to external distractions this right smart I can figure out a time and area I can study with no distractions. I really havent been getting enough sleep and be able to keep up with my daily sings. I need to work on a better schedule where I can get everything done that needs to be done this way I am not shopworn and can focus on studying.I Will work on my shape routine so this way my body isnt drained. I practice Yoga 4 times a week and lug bite wood daily. I have learned that if you are lazy and dont exercise regularly your brain will not give out to its maximum potential and to learn it needs to function at peak performance. I will mention studying for class a daily choir if I get in to the routine of logging in to class and reading some of the texts commonplace it will improve my study habits and wont feel like work as much as it would if I let days pass and had to catch up. . Identify one change you can make immediately to increase the effectiveness of your study habits. Explain how this will help you become more effective. single change I need to make immediately is to schedule the time I spend operative on school work to a time where I have no distractions. I need to ether do it early in the morning before my kids wake up or late at night after they go to bed. The only problem is, is that by the time they are in bed my body and brain are drained because of all the choirs I have throughout the day.I am thinking that if I discipline myself to waking up an hour or two early each day this will give me enough time to keep up with my schooling. I think best in the morning so I am hoping this will work best for me. 7. How does your personal learning style relate to your ideal study and your personal work competencies? My personal learning style relates to my ideal workplace and my personal competencies by giving me a better understanding of how I work and learn best. If I can study my best and work to my full potential I will be successful in my career choice. . How is understanding your ideal learning environment applicable to selecting your ideal workplace? Understanding my ideal learning environment teaches me how and when I work and learn best. When I understand how I learn best I can use the things Ive learned to their full potential and use them in my ideal work environment. In my field of work I am constantly learning. engineering changes and advances everyday. I am always learning new things and if I find the way I learn best using my learning strategies it will help my workplace. Philip E. Nickerson